Water pumping and Coil pump

Pumping water is a fundamentally practical skill, much more practical than scooping water by hand or carrying buckets.This is true whether water is drawn from a fresh source, moved to a desired location, purified, used for irrigation, washing or sewage treatment, or used to extract water from a location where it is not needed.Regardless of the outcome, the energy required to pump the water is a demanding component of water consumption.All other processes depend on or benefit from water descending from higher altitudes or some pressurized piping system.The ancient concept of the aqueduct takes advantage of the simple but eloquent advantage of maintaining water levels for as long and as far as possible.So when water travels a great distance, it spends a fraction of its energy flowing down a slight gradient, retaining more of its potential energy.A useful aqueduct system ultimately depends on a source of fresh water existing at a higher elevation than where the water is available.Gravity does all the work.In all other cases a pump is required.

In everyday situations, the water available is often polluted, unhealthy, and even naturally toxic, making it necessary to pump potable water from a lower level to a higher level so it can be used.Freshwater sources in downstream streams, rivers, ponds or lakes are often pumped to higher ground for irrigation, livestock, cooking, cleaning or other uses by humans who naturally require freshwater. This will purify most of the fresh water, while the treatment of large volumes of polluted water endlessly refers to pumping.

Coil pump 

A screw pump is a low head pump consisting of tubes in the shape of coils mounted on a rotating shaft powered by an engine or an animal capable of rapidly turning the shaft. Due to the rotation, the water is then absorbed by the tube and pumped up the hose.Like many low head pumps, coil pumps are commonly used for irrigation purposes and land drainage.It is still used by farmers in Asia today.Screw pumps were manufactured as an alternative to the Archimedes screw.It can run horizontally, unlike the Archimedes screw, which is inclined at about 30°.When equipped with suitable rotary seals, coil pumps can deliver water to higher elevations, typically 5-10 meters above the discharge.Despite the advent of newer pumps that operate on other principles, coil pumps remain an important tool because, among other benefits, they can be easily manufactured and repaired at very low cost.This is possible because all components can be constructed from local sources like metal; can be easily obtained and cast into the desired form.However, as mentioned before, the pump only allows the lifting of water over a small height.This makes it unsuitable for water drainage or irrigation over larger height differences or many other pumping applications besides drainage and irrigation.

Spiral pump

A screw pump, sometimes called a Wirtz pump, is a low head pump consisting of a long sheet of metal plating wound into a coil and sealed at the top and rear to resemble a cylinder.The outer lumen serves as the inlet, while the inner (partial) tube serves as the outlet.Coiled plastic tubing is sufficient for this arrangement.The outlet pipe is fixed to the water wheel, motor or animal that makes the pump spin rapidly.Due to this rotation, water is absorbed by the outer cavity and pumped upwards in the hose.

Applications

Like many low head pumps, screw pumps are commonly used for irrigation purposes and land drainage.Based on the same principle as the Archimedes screw, it consists of a rotating tube or plane (helix) used to move liquids.Unlike the Archimedes screw, it can be pumped horizontally.The Archimedes spiral must be inclined at an angle.When equipped with suitable rotary seals, screw pumps can deliver water to a higher altitude than screw pumps, typically 5-10 meters above their discharge.Its main disadvantage is that the output is very small the output is proportional to the volume of the largest coil moved per revolution.Despite the advent of new types of pumps that operate on other principles, the screw pump remains an important tool because it can be easily manufactured and repaired at very low cost.This is possible because all components can be built using local resources, such as bending sheet metal into the desired shape with or without a machine tool.