Mud pumps are widely used in the exploration and drilling of oil, gas, and water wells. Their primary function is to circulate drilling mud, which helps to control pressure and temperature, lubricate the drill bit, and remove debris from the wellbore. In this article, we will explore the uses of mud

A Francis turbine is a type of water turbine. It is an internal flow reaction turbine combining radial flow and axial flow concepts. Francis turbines are the most commonly used turbines today, with efficiencies of over 95%. [1]The process of realizing the modern Francis wheel design from 1848 to abo